Barry Zito's gem cuts Giants' NLCS deficit to 3-2

ST. LOUIS (AP) ? Offense has a lot to do with San Francisco's streak of 13 consecutive victories when Barry Zito is on the mound, given they're averaging more than six runs.

In Game 5 of the NL championship series Friday night, with their season on the line, they didn't need all that production. Not with the pitcher they thought they signed a half-dozen years ago showing up in shutdown form.

Zito dominated into the eighth inning of a 5-0 victory over the St. Louis Cardinals that sent the best-of-seven series back to San Francisco. The Giants cut their series deficit to 3-2 heading into Game 6 on Sunday night, with Ryan Vogelsong set to face Chris Carpenter for the second time in the series.

"We needed that kind of performance from him because there is no tomorrow for us," second baseman Marco Scutaro said. "We just needed to get back home."

The defending-champion Cardinals still have two chances to make it to back-to-back World Series as a wild card.

"It should be another battle," St. Louis third baseman David Freese said. "San Francisco is a great city, but I wish we weren't going back."

The 34-year-old Zito looked like the pitcher who won 23 games and the 2002 AL Cy Young with the Athletics. He retired 11 batters in a row at one stretch while scattering six hits with six strikeouts in 7 2-3 innings.

Giants catcher Buster Posey twice tapped Zito on the chest when he was pulled in the eighth. It was Zito's fifth postseason win but first since 2006, shortly before he left the A's and signed a $126 million, seven-year contract with San Francisco.

"This is definitely it for me," Zito said. "Coming here, really doing it in a Giants uniform. A lot of people were saying stuff about my A's days. And for me, the most important thing is doing everything for San Francisco right now."

Zito was left off the postseason roster when the Giants won the 2010 World Series because he had pitched so ineffectively.

"Well, you know, it was certainly a huge blow just personally to be left off that roster," Zito said. "But you've got to be professional, you can't pout and such like that.

"I worked on a lot of things that offseason, came back stronger for it, I think."

Zito's 15-8 record this year was his first winning mark since joining the Giants. He started Game 4 of the division series against the Reds earlier in this year's playoffs and lasted only 2 2-3 innings.

"He's been through a lot, I know," manager Bruce Bochy said. "But this guy, he is some kind of tough. He put on quite a show."

The Cardinals might have thrown away a chance to clinch a second straight World Series trip. Pitcher Lance Lynn's toss on a possible forceout deflected off the second base bag, paving the way for the Giants' four-run fourth.

Lynn was trying to turn the front end of a double play.

"I turned to throw it and I just threw it in the ground," Lynn said. "Just a bad play. You make a good throw there and we are out of the inning. It was one of those times where I just short-armed it a little bit."

Pablo Sandoval homered for the second straight night and Zito made an extremely rare offensive contribution with a perfectly executed bunt for an RBI single.

Giants defenders made several nice plays behind Zito, including a juggling catch in right by Hunter Pence and a spectacular sliding stop by Scutaro to rob pinch hitter Shane Robinson on consecutive at-bats.

"They were all huge," Zito said.

Once again this postseason, the Giants benefited from a big error.

Needing three straight wins at Cincinnati to avoid elimination in the division series, San Francisco began its comeback on a bobble by third baseman Scott Rolen in the 10th inning that gave the Giants the go-ahead run in Game 3.

The Giants improved to 4-2 on the road this postseason and have won Zito's last 13 starts, with the last setback on Aug. 2. They're averaging more than six runs during the streak, although the lefty didn't need much help in this one.

Lynn, an 18-game winner in his first year in the rotation, failed to make it out of the fourth for the second time in the series.

The Cardinals are seeking consecutive pennants for the first time since 1967-68, and trying to advance for the second year in a row as a wild-card entry. One more win would set up a rematch of the 2006 World Series against the Tigers, which the Cardinals took in five games.

Lynn struck out five of the first 10 batters, sailing through the first three innings with no balls hit out of the infield. His wild throw to second proved his undoing.

The Giants had runners on first and second with one out when Lynn gloved a tapper by Pence, wheeled and threw while Kozma hustled to second. Lynn's throw wound up in shallow right field and Scutaro scored without a play from second.

Eighth-place hitter Brandon Crawford singled up the middle with the bases loaded on a full count with two outs as Lynn just missed with a kick save for two more runs. Zito, who has just 30 hits in 310 at-bats in the regular season with no extra-base hits and nine RBIs, laid down a perfect bunt for a fourth run.

Lynn has allowed four runs in both of his NLCS starts, although all four were unearned in Game 5.

NOTES: Standing room attendance for Game 5 was 47,075, a franchise-best for league championship play, topping the previous best in Game 4 by 13. ... Longtime Cardinals broadcaster Mike Shannon bounced a ceremonial first pitch from in front of the mound to Lou Brock, teammates on the last St. Louis team to go to consecutive World Series in 1967 and '68. ... Cardinals rookie RHP Trevor Rosenthal struck out four in two scoreless innings. He has fanned 11 in 6 2-3 scoreless innings in the postseason while allowing just one hit. ... The Cardinals were shut out for the first time since Game 4 of the 2011 World Series, a 4-0 loss at Texas. ... Freese doubled in the second and has gotten at least one hit in all of his 14 postseason starts at home. It's the third-longest home hitting streak to start a postseason career.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/barry-zitos-gem-cuts-giants-nlcs-deficit-3-075030282--mlb.html

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Virtual Tailgate: Georgia at Kentucky Edition - A Sea Of Blue

Time for the weekly Virtual Tailgate -- Good virtual food and drink, and a little game talk.

Greetings and welcome, Kentucky Wildcats fans, to the Saturday Virtual Tailgate in honor of the Georgia Bulldogs, our opponent for tonight's game.

Tonight is homecoming for the Wildcats, and also Dermotti Dawson night in honor of the former Kentucky Wildcat, Pittsburgh Steeler, and newly-minted Professional Football Hall of Famer.

So let's get ourselves a cocktail, sit back and get ready for the game. Tonight's cocktail will be:

Rendezvous (via yosoynuts)

A rendezvous cocktail. It consists of gin, cherry brandy, and Campari. Three of these, and a hangover is guaranteed.

Moving on to the appetizer, there is nothing better in the world for a bunch of southerners than:

blue cheese on fried tomato (via jeffreyw)

Fried green tomatoes with blue cheese and basil. Tasty. Yes, I know we have had them before, but hey, that's why they are a favorite.

The main course? Hmm.... let's see. We haven't had:

Fried Chicken (via delgaudm)

Everybody's favorite. You don't have to be from the south to appreciate this classic.

Side dishes? Yes, we have them. First and foremost:

Grilled Corn on the Cob (via Cuponeando)

Oh, heck yes. With tons of butter. Tons.

And also:

mashed potatoes (via rick)

What's fried chicken without mashed potatoes?

For those of you inclined to drink a few cold ones, like me, we have:

Schooner Of Cold Ass Beer @ Fred's Texas Cafe (via Robert W. Howington)

Lone Star Beer by the schooner.

Finally, for desert, there can be only one:

Peach Cobbler (via purdman1)

Georgia peach cobbler a la mode. A classic finish to a classic Southern meal

---

Time to talk some football. Once again, as it has all season, the Wildcats find themselves in a very tough spot. Georgia is a much better team, and they are rested to boot, coming off a bye week. Not only that, they are still smarting from the last game they played, a beat-down by the South Carolina Gamecocks. They may well look to take out their frustrations on Kentucky.

The one advantage, if you can call it that, that Kentucky has is that Georgia will be looking past them to the Worlds Largest Outdoor Cocktail Party in Jacksonville, their annual tilt against their hated foe, the Florida Gators. That will give Kentucky an opportunity to get a few punches in, and who knows, maybe Georgia will panic. I wouldn't count on it, though.

Georgia, with their running game, can simply grind Kentucky's defense into the turf of Commonwealth Stadium. Hopefully, they won't be as efficient in Kentucky as the Arkansas Razorbacks were in Fayetteville, or we could be looking at another embarrassing beat-down. Personally, I am looking at best for a "moral victory" here, keeping the final score within two touchdowns. Sadly, if UK team we have seen lately shows up again, that seems like a vain hope at best.

Word is that we'll be seeing more of Morgan Newton this game. I know that will frighten most of you, but frankly, I don't think it makes that much difference. Jalen Whitlow is talented, but he struggled mightily in the last couple of games, and unless he finds his confidence, it really doesn't matter all that much. On the better news side, Patrick Towles is on the mend, and may be ready for the next game. He didn't practice this week, but very well may next week.

That's what I have. Enjoy the virtual meal, and the open game thread will be up about 15 minutes prior to the game, as usual.

Go, 'Cats!

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Source: http://www.aseaofblue.com/2012/10/20/3531318/virtual-tailgate-georgia-at-kentucky-edition

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Fasting hormone helps mice live longer

New work suggests that a hormone that makes the body think it?s starving could prolong life about as long as severely cutting calories does but without the denial.

A hormone called fibroblast growth factor-21, or FGF21, lengthened the lives of mice that had been genetically engineered to constantly produce large amounts of the protein, researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas report online October 15 in eLife. The hormone is normally made by the liver during fasting and may tap into some of the same life-extending biochemical processes as does caloric restriction, a proven longevity booster.

Caloric restriction ? usually defined as cutting calorie intake to 75 to 80 percent of the amount needed to maintain normal body weight, while still maintaining good nutrition ? has been shown lengthen life in a wide variety of species, such as fruit flies and dogs. Minimal calorie consumption turns on many different biological processes that slow aging, says Cynthia Kenyon, a developmental biologist at the University of California, San Francisco. The hormone in the study somehow interferes with a chain reaction anchored by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a process that is also shut down by caloric restriction and thought to be responsible for many of its life-extending effects.?

In the study, researchers led by UT Southwestern?s David Mangelsdorf and Steven Kliewer genetically engineered mice to constantly make five to 10 times as much FGF21 as normal. These engineered mice lived 30 to 40 percent longer than normal mice on a standard diet. Female mice benefitted from the hormone even more than males; about a third of the FGF21-producing female mice still were alive at 44 months old. Average survival for normal mice in the study was about 28 months.

Hormone-producing mice were leaner than normal mice despite eating slightly more. They also had improved health measures, such as greater sensitivity to insulin and lower triglyceride levels. The mice tended to burned fat instead of sugar for energy, the researchers found. But the news was not all good. Higher levels of FGF21 were associated with low bone density and female infertility. Both drawbacks are part of the body?s normal response to starvation and could pose problems if the hormone is used to treat people, says Mangelsdorf, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. The researchers have already begun testing whether the hormone can extend longevity in mice if its production is delayed until adulthood.

Exactly how the hormone works is still under investigation, Mangelsdorf says. The researchers know FGF21 is made in the liver and indirectly affects that organ?s function, but they aren?t sure where else in the body it works. It is also not clear how the hormone prolongs life. It does not affect the same biological processes as caloric restriction, except for the IGF-1 pathway in the liver, yet has many of the same benefits.

But the hormone must be doing something more than simply shutting down IGF-1, says Luigi Fontana, a physician and gerontologist at Washington University in St. Louis. People who have mutations that inactivate IGF-1 are dwarves who generally don?t get cancer, but they don?t live much longer than anyone else, so the longevity benefit of the hormone may be due to some other action. Anti-aging properties of the hormone probably depend upon multiple different effects, and turning off only one biological process won?t work, Fontana says. ?Many biologists are looking for the magic bullet,? he says, ?but maybe there isn?t one.?

L. Beil. Healthy aging in a pill. Science News. Vol. 179, June 4, 2011, p. 22.
Available online:
[Go to]

N. Seppa. Low-cal longevity questioned. Science News. Vol. 182, October 6, 2012, p. 8.
Available online:
[Go to]

T. H. Saey. Don?t forget diet composition. Science News. Vol. 174, October 25, 2008, p. 17
Available online:
[Go to]

Source: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/345907/title/Fasting_hormone_helps_mice_live_longer

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The Outrageous and Totally Legal Threat to Your Wealth

By Dave Gonigam | 10/19/12

At age 68, Russ Caswell is on the verge of losing the business that?s been in his family for two generations. And it?s not for lack of customers.

Mr. Caswell is another object lesson that ?If you?ve done nothing wrong, you have nothing to worry about? no longer applies.

On Nov. 5, a federal trial will begin with the curious name of United States of America v. 434 Main Street, Tewksbury, Massachusetts.

The defendant is not Mr. Caswell, but rather the Motel Caswell ? a $1.5 million property Caswell owns mortgage-free. He had an eye toward possibly selling it so he could retire comfortably and take care of his gravely ill wife.

?I may sell it eventually, but the government doesn?t have the right to take it,? he tells the local Patch.com site. ?It?s not right.?

Caswell is one of a growing number of Americans subject to ?civil asset forfeiture? ? or CAF.

?Asset forfeiture,? explains Duke professor Gary Hull, ?is used by federal and state officials to seize cars, boats, cash, houses, businesses ? all on the grounds that the asset might have been used or could conceivably be used in the commission of a crime, by someone, somewhere, at some point.?

Thus do the feds, along with the local police, allege that the Motel Caswell has been used for drug-related offenses going back to 1994. Note well: Russ Caswell stands accused of no crime. Nor is he accused of committing or facilitating crimes. Or that he was aware any crimes were going on at his motel.

The feds alone collected $2.5 billion last year from 15,000 CAF cases.

Recourse is, to say the least, a challenge. ?To retrieve that asset, you must enter Kafka?s universe,? professor Hull says.

?Even if you have the tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars necessary to mount a defense, CAF reverses the burden of proof and forces on the property owner an impossible standard ? to prove that the asset was not used to facilitate a crime, or if it was, that you did not know that the property was being used for facilitation. Further, you have to prove that you did everything possible (whatever that means) to prevent the crime(s).?

The Motel Caswell: Guilty until proven innocent?

The feds have been on Caswell?s case for three years now. Should they prevail in court, both the feds and the Tewksbury police stand to profit: Under a program called ?equitable sharing,? the locals get up to 80% of the booty.

?In the Caswell case,? Hull says, ?that could mean $1.2 million for the Tewksbury police to spend on new cars, uniforms, hi-tech equipment, junkets to Hawaii. Meanwhile, Caswell and his wife will have been impoverished.?

The ?Hawaii junkets? is not hyperbole on the professor?s part.

Over the past four years, the Milwaukee County Sheriff?s Office in Wisconsin has hauled in forfeiture money totaling $825,577. An audit released last week reveals some of the ways that money was spent?

• $11,400 on workout gear for Sheriff David Clarke Jr.?s command staff
• $8,200 for 9 flat-screen TVs, also for the command staff
• $24,900 for ?customer-service training? provided by an outfit called Disney Destinations
• $77,000 for upkeep of the sheriff?s mounted patrol ($43,000 of that was to buy a Dodge Ram pickup to haul the horses around).

But it?s all good: The audit found, ?none of the spending violated federal rules governing asset forfeiture money,? according to the Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel.

You don?t have to own property like Mr. Caswell to fall into Kafka?s universe. All you need to do is commit a moving violation and carry a wad of cash.

On Jan. 7, 2009, Anthony Smelley was pulled over on Interstate 70 in Putnam County, Ind. He was on his way from Detroit to St. Louis to visit his aunt. He?d had recently won a $50,000 settlement from a car accident. He was taking $17,500 of it to St. Louis to buy his aunt a new car.

You can see where this is going: Smelley was pulled over for an unsafe lane change and an obscured license plate. He was also driving with an expired license. During the stop, the officer asked Smelley to get out of the car and patted him down, discovering the cash. The dogs were called in and ?alerted? to the presence of drugs.

But a search of the car turned up no drugs, and Smelley never faced criminal charges. The $17,500, however, was judged guilty as hell.

?To make matters worse,? wrote Reason?s Radley Balko, ?the county was represented not by an elected public official, but by Christopher Gambill, an attorney in private practice who handles several Indiana counties? forfeiture cases on a contingency basis, earning 25-33% of what he wins in court, a system stacked with twisted incentives.?

In the end, Smelley did prevail and got his money back. But it took 13 months? and he wasn?t compensated for his time, interest on the money, court costs or attorney?s fees.

Cheers,
Dave Gonigam

Dave Gonigam

Treading a fine line between contrarian thinking and conspiracy theory, Dave Gonigam explores the nexus of finance, politics, and the media for Agora Financial's 5 Minute Forecast. He joined kindred spirits at Agora Financial in 2007 after a 20-year career as an Emmy award-winning writer, producer, and manager in local TV newsrooms nationwide.

View articles by Dave Gonigam

Source: http://dailyreckoning.com/the-outrageous-and-totally-legal-threat-to-your-wealth/

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T-Mobile schedules new product event on October 29th

T-Mobile has just sent out invites to the press for a product launch event on the evening of October 29th. We weren't given any clues as to what this new item (or items) could be -- aside from the fact that it will include T-Mobile's full fall lineup -- but we certainly have a few suspicions considering the timing of such an event. Microsoft and Google are both holding press events earlier in the day, after all, which means we're either going to be treated to T-Mobile's Windows Phone 8 lineup or (this is less likely, but anything's possible) a T-Mobile Nexus. Feel free to put your wagers in the comments below, and we'll work to sort out the craziness that will most certainly ensue that day.

Filed under: Cellphones, Wireless, Mobile, T-Mobile

T-Mobile schedules new product event on October 29th originally appeared on Engadget on Fri, 19 Oct 2012 14:09:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/10/19/t-mobile-press-event-october-29/

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GreenITers Mobile II 4.0 Free for iOS: Eco-Innovations Social ...

Tokyo, Japan ? Fullcircle Innovations today announces GreenITers Mobile II 4.0 free for iOS, a major update of their social networking app for anyone interested in sustainable living and ecological innovation. With more than 300,000 followers on Twitter and nearly 11,000 registered members, GreenITers is one of the fastest growing, global communities of eco-minded individuals. Registration is free and takes less than 30 seconds. GreenITers provides an online green community, where those with an interest in preserving the planet through eco-friendly technology, whether a top academic or an average person, can get together online and share ideas, new gadgets, scientific news, and breakthroughs. The beautifully designed mobile app gives members access to the community News, plus the group?s Twitter, and YouTube pages. Facebook, Twitter, and email connectivity are integrated into the app.

Feature Highlights:
* GreenITers is the social networking site for eco-aware iOS users
* Registration and membership is free, fast, and easy
* Mobile app accesses community News, plus YouTube channel, and Twitter page.
* Join a wide variety of groups exploring green technologies
* Post green news, experiences, eco-ideas, and share your opinions with other eco minded individuals.

Advances in green technology are critical to combating climate change and for making a more eco-friendly society. As with all technology, it is people with the passion to be advocates and early-adopters who make the biggest contribution. And in the case of green technology solutions, there are many individuals, both expert and amateur alike, who want to be part of a community to discuss ideas and improvements in this field.

New in GreenITers Mobile II 4.0:
* New design with Sign In, View Profile function, and ability to post direct from the app (Share on)
* Photo streams from pictures featured on GreenITers community
* GreenITers Twitter feed
* What?s Happening function that allows you to know what?s going on in the GreenITers community blog
* GreenITers YouTube feed
* Check the GreenITers groups
* Integrated log in/sharing to Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Yahoo!, Windows Live, and LinkedIn
* Complete re-write of the app from the ground up

GreenITers provides such an online community, and it is free, fast, and easy to join. As a member, users can start new groups or join existing groups covering such topics as: Renewable Energy (Biofuel, Biomass, Geothermal, Hydroelectricity, Solar, Tidal Wave, Wind), Electric/Hybrid Vehicles, Green IT, Green Building, Eco Projects, Nature Protection, Climate Change, Recycling, and Green Innovations.

Members are welcome to post images and videos, discuss ideas, and collaborate on projects. Other features include a news share, photo library, and blog. Whether members are interested in green motoring technology or solar powered gadget re-chargers, or even how to generate energy from trees, GreenITers is the ideal forum for the exchange of ideas, opinions, news, and experiences.

It is going to take a global, team effort to have an impact on climate change, and GreenITers provides a social networking app where like-minded, eco-aware individuals can come together make real progress toward achieving clean technology solutions for the world.

?GreenITers.com is an exciting, new green community for everyone interested in learn more about green technology as well use those technologies to ?green it!? the world around us? stated Joe Hansen of Fullcircle Innovations. ?Join us today. It?s free, quick, and easy.?

Device Requirements:
* iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch
* Optimized for iPhone 5
* Requires iOS 4.3 or later
* 7.6 MB

Pricing and Availability:
GreenITers Mobile II 4.0 is free and available worldwide exclusively through the App Store in the Social Networking category. The app is also available for Android devices.

Fullcircle Innovations
GreenITers Mobile II 4.0
Download from iTunes
Screenshot 1
Screenshot 2
App Icon

Based in Tokyo, Japan, Fullcircle Innovations was founded by Flavio Souza in 2010. A Red Herring 100 Asia Award winner, Fullcircle Innovations is about meaningful digital innovations. They are working for the convergence of high-tech and green-tech, with the goal that information becomes not just knowledge but wisdom. They promote your eco-friendly brand and sustainable products & services to the core green segment. For example, in the social media space, they help your dialog with passionate eco-evangelists who can turn your green product or services. Their mission statement is to wisely develop and promote technological innovations in favor of a better sustainable planet. Their treasures are: GreenITers.com, EcoAppsFree.com and their inspired individuals. Their team and partners have the unique combination of technical expertise, environmental consciousness, result oriented management and extensive experience to consult and deliver your digital green project right. All Rights Reserved, copyright (C) 2012 Fullcircle. Apple, the Apple logo, iPhone, and iPod are registered trademarks of Apple Inc. in the U.S. and/or other countries. Other trademarks and registered trademarks may be the property of their respective owners.

Source: http://themactrack.com/2012/10/16/greeniters-mobile-ii-4-0-free-for-ios-eco-innovations-social-network/

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Source: http://clemonslester.typepad.com/blog/2012/10/greeniters-mobile-ii-40-free-for-ios-eco-innovations-social-network.html

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Young people who go out drinking start earlier and consume more and more alcohol

Public release date: 19-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: SINC
info@agenciasinc.es
34-914-251-820
FECYT - Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology

Teenagers and university students are unaware of the negative consequences of alcohol consumption or the chances of developing an addiction as a result. In addition, they start at a younger and younger age and drink more and stronger alcohol according to a study headed by the University of Valencia.

Current drinking trends amongst Spanish youth are characterised by what is known as botelln or drinking in the streets. Researchers at Valencia's universities, Miguel Hernndez de Elche and Jaume I de Castelln, have conducted a study funded by the Spanish National Drugs Plan identifying the different types of alcohol consumers and defining the profiles of each. It has been published in the 'The Spanish Journal of Psychology'.

"The general tendency is to think that university students drink more alcohol than teenagers as they are older and can access it more easily. But this is not true. Males in secondary school and university drink the same amount of alcohol while practicing botelln. The same is the case for females," as explained to SINC by Begoa Espejo Tort, lead researcher of the study at the University of Valencia.

The scientists gathered data from 6009 youngsters between the ages of 14 and 25 from 2007 to 2009 in three Spanish cities (Valencia, Castelln and Alicante). For the study they selected those who reported episodes of intensive alcohol consumption.

According to results, males drink more and aim to get drunk yet they associate their alcohol intake with the possibility of developing an addiction to a lesser extent than females.

"We have observed that university students progressed to drink more alcohol. When they were adolescents they drank less alcohol and then more when reaching university. Nonetheless, today's adolescents drink the same amount as university students," outlines Espejo.

What will happen to these adolescents in a few years?

If intake levels for secondary school and university students of the same sex are similar, this means that when secondary school students reach the age of 20, the consequences will be much greater than those seen amongst current university students. The expert highlights that this will have negative repercussions "on their studies, their work, and personal relationships and their finances."

"Nearly all adolescents who consumed alcohol started at around 13 or 14 years of age by drinking distilled alcohol (drinks with high alcohol content) in large quantities. On the other hand, university students started between 14 and 15 with fermented drinks like beer in relatively low quantities," confirms the expert.

Furthermore, adolescents allude to personal aspects to justify their alcohol intake whereas university students link their drinking to control of leisure.

That said, the main reason for alcohol consumption in both groups is to have fun. Espejo explains that "drinking is the objective. Only university students mention financial reasons. Almost 70% of students refer to financial reasons for practicing botelln compared to 20% of adolescents.

The consequences are not understood

As for the consequences associated with alcohol consumption, neither youngsters nor university students are aware of the consequences. The same can be said for those who drink a lot or those who drink less. They only take into consideration those consequences that repeatedly appear in television campaigns, like those relating to drink driving and personal relationship problems due to aggression. They are also only aware of the immediate physical consequences like vomiting, dizziness, falling over and hangovers, etc.

In general, youngsters feel that their alcohol consumption will have no negative consequences. They believe that for this to occur they would have to greatly increase their alcohol consumption. This, however, does not imply that the problem does not already exist but rather that it is not recognised," concludes the researcher.

The authors of the study warn of the need to take action amongst these groups to reduce and change alcohol consumption. In the case of the youngest, who refer to confidence reasons when justifying why they drink alcohol, campaigns on self-esteem and interpersonal relationship management should be reinforced. For university students, education on leisure habits is the key.

###

References:

Begoa Espejo, Mara Teresa Corts, Beatriz Martn del Ro, Jos Antonio Gimnez, and Consolacin Gmez. "Traits that Define the Different Alcohol Intensive Consume Type during the Practice of 'Botellon'. The Spanish Journal of Psychology 15 (1): 256-264, 2012.

---

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 19-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: SINC
info@agenciasinc.es
34-914-251-820
FECYT - Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology

Teenagers and university students are unaware of the negative consequences of alcohol consumption or the chances of developing an addiction as a result. In addition, they start at a younger and younger age and drink more and stronger alcohol according to a study headed by the University of Valencia.

Current drinking trends amongst Spanish youth are characterised by what is known as botelln or drinking in the streets. Researchers at Valencia's universities, Miguel Hernndez de Elche and Jaume I de Castelln, have conducted a study funded by the Spanish National Drugs Plan identifying the different types of alcohol consumers and defining the profiles of each. It has been published in the 'The Spanish Journal of Psychology'.

"The general tendency is to think that university students drink more alcohol than teenagers as they are older and can access it more easily. But this is not true. Males in secondary school and university drink the same amount of alcohol while practicing botelln. The same is the case for females," as explained to SINC by Begoa Espejo Tort, lead researcher of the study at the University of Valencia.

The scientists gathered data from 6009 youngsters between the ages of 14 and 25 from 2007 to 2009 in three Spanish cities (Valencia, Castelln and Alicante). For the study they selected those who reported episodes of intensive alcohol consumption.

According to results, males drink more and aim to get drunk yet they associate their alcohol intake with the possibility of developing an addiction to a lesser extent than females.

"We have observed that university students progressed to drink more alcohol. When they were adolescents they drank less alcohol and then more when reaching university. Nonetheless, today's adolescents drink the same amount as university students," outlines Espejo.

What will happen to these adolescents in a few years?

If intake levels for secondary school and university students of the same sex are similar, this means that when secondary school students reach the age of 20, the consequences will be much greater than those seen amongst current university students. The expert highlights that this will have negative repercussions "on their studies, their work, and personal relationships and their finances."

"Nearly all adolescents who consumed alcohol started at around 13 or 14 years of age by drinking distilled alcohol (drinks with high alcohol content) in large quantities. On the other hand, university students started between 14 and 15 with fermented drinks like beer in relatively low quantities," confirms the expert.

Furthermore, adolescents allude to personal aspects to justify their alcohol intake whereas university students link their drinking to control of leisure.

That said, the main reason for alcohol consumption in both groups is to have fun. Espejo explains that "drinking is the objective. Only university students mention financial reasons. Almost 70% of students refer to financial reasons for practicing botelln compared to 20% of adolescents.

The consequences are not understood

As for the consequences associated with alcohol consumption, neither youngsters nor university students are aware of the consequences. The same can be said for those who drink a lot or those who drink less. They only take into consideration those consequences that repeatedly appear in television campaigns, like those relating to drink driving and personal relationship problems due to aggression. They are also only aware of the immediate physical consequences like vomiting, dizziness, falling over and hangovers, etc.

In general, youngsters feel that their alcohol consumption will have no negative consequences. They believe that for this to occur they would have to greatly increase their alcohol consumption. This, however, does not imply that the problem does not already exist but rather that it is not recognised," concludes the researcher.

The authors of the study warn of the need to take action amongst these groups to reduce and change alcohol consumption. In the case of the youngest, who refer to confidence reasons when justifying why they drink alcohol, campaigns on self-esteem and interpersonal relationship management should be reinforced. For university students, education on leisure habits is the key.

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References:

Begoa Espejo, Mara Teresa Corts, Beatriz Martn del Ro, Jos Antonio Gimnez, and Consolacin Gmez. "Traits that Define the Different Alcohol Intensive Consume Type during the Practice of 'Botellon'. The Spanish Journal of Psychology 15 (1): 256-264, 2012.

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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/f-sf-ypw101912.php

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